Manuskrip Kuno dan Perdebatan Autentisitas Teks Al-Qur’an: Tinjauan Filologis Kritis Terhadap Manuskrip Birmingham, Sana’a, dan Topkapi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36781/kaca.v15i1.1100Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji autentisitas teks Al-Qur’an melalui pendekatan filologis-kritis terhadap tiga manuskrip kuno: manuskrip Birmingham, Sana’a, dan Topkapi, yang kemudian dibandingkan dengan mushaf Uthmani standar. Latar belakang penelitian ini didorong oleh dominasi wacana akademik Barat yang kerap meragukan keaslian teks Al-Qur’an, serta keterbatasan keterlibatan akademisi Muslim dalam kajian tekstual kritis. Studi ini menggunakan metode kualitatif berbasis pustaka (library research) dengan teknik analisis deskriptif-komparatif terhadap aspek ortografi (rasm), tanda baca (dhabt), dan struktur teks. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya varian minor yang bersifat ortografis dan tidak berdampak pada perubahan makna substansial, dengan tingkat perbedaan di bawah 0,01%. Temuan ini menguatkan narasi tentang terjaganya teks Al-Qur’an sejak masa kodifikasi Utsmani, sekaligus menunjukkan validitas sejarah wahyu dalam perspektif keilmuan. Studi ini merekomendasikan pendekatan integratif antara filologi, sejarah kodifikasi, dan teologi sebagai kontribusi konstruktif dalam studi Al-Qur’an kontemporer.
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